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What are the applications of laser cutting technology in the glass industry?

2018-03-19

The carbon dioxide laser marking machine can be applied to the marking processing of non-metallic materials, especially for marking processing of glass materials, which can easily produce clear contours. This completely replaces the expensive solid lasers and traditional marking processing methods of the past. Generally, we only need to use a 25W carbon dioxide laser to meet the power requirements for marking. We know that laser marking mainly uses high-energy temperatures to achieve marking. Therefore, normal marking will inevitably affect the strength of the marked area, and may even cause cracks and breakage in the glass. This requires us to adopt several laser marking techniques to prevent the types and quantities of cracks. Below are three types of solutions to the problem.

The first method is to use discrete points to form annular cracks; the second method is to use multiple laser irradiations; the third method is to produce crack-like surface cracks.
1. Use a series of annular cracks to form text, barcodes, square or rectangular codes, and other shape code patterns. The glass generates low-density annular cracks through heating and cooling cycles. When the glass is heated, it expands and compresses the surrounding material. When the temperature rises to the glass softening point, the glass rapidly expands to form a dome on the surface of the low-density material. After heating, the glass shrinks back to its initial surface position, but this relaxation time is precisely the time for the entire low density to form, making it unable to return to the initial position before the softening temperature.
2. Using a single laser irradiation can produce a sharply defined visible mark on the glass, but the direction of the cracks and stress patterns will extend in the direction perpendicular to the movement of the laser. Shortly after the marking is printed, or even days later, these cracks perpendicular to the direction of laser movement will form new cracks, extending into the area near the original mark, forming fragments, thereby affecting the clarity of the mark. By using multiple laser irradiations, the areas adjacent to the marked area are heated through thermal conduction, thereby forming a stress gradient in these areas, reducing the possibility of secondary breakage. This method is very effective for marking on soda-lime glass and borosilicate glass. Single laser irradiation is more effective for marking on fused silica glass and quartz glass because these two materials have very low coefficients of expansion.
3. The same heating and cooling process is used to change the surface of a specific volume of glass. However, the size of the light spot used in the third method is relatively large, and the boundary at the junction of the two density regions is not as distinct as that of the annular crack method. The marks produced by this method are not immediately visible and require slight pressure before they begin to produce grid-like cracks along the laser marking area. The pattern formed by filling the generated fragment-free crack-like stripes creates text, graphics, and various codes. Because this method requires a pure surface, high-quality automotive glass can print clear marks.
Using three different marking methods with a CO₂ laser to mark on glass, namely, multiple lasers forming annular cracks through discrete points and producing crack-like surface cracks.

The laser energy is distributed in a high phase, with the energy concentrated at the center of the light spot, where the temperature is also the highest. Because of this, when the laser beam acts on the material, it generates a network of cracks radiating from that center, which will ultimately form annular cracks in areas of equivalent energy. Therefore, it is suitable for marking on ordinary optical materials, chemically strengthened glass, tempered glass, and ordinary soda-lime float glass.

About Us

Shenzhen SHINHOP Laser Equipment Co., Ltd. It is a scientific and technological enterprise specializing in the research and development, production and sales of industrial laser processing equipment. It has been deeply engaged in the new energy industry for 20 years, focusing on the non-standard customization of automatic lithium battery cell assembly line and module PACK production line. It has successively obtained the national high-tech and specialized new enterprise certification.

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