language

SHINHOP laser

Casting Extreme Welding Process & Intelligent Laser Application Scheme

All

All
Product Management
News
FAQ
Enterprise Video
Enterprise Atlas

Home page

Several common solutions to laser welding defects, feel free to come in and take a look!

2021-09-01

Laser welding, with its advantages of high efficiency, high precision, good results, good compatibility, and ease of automation integration, has been widely used in various industries, playing a crucial role in industrial production and manufacturing, including new energy, mechanical sheet metal, 3C automotive parts, military, medical, aerospace, and bathroom hardware industries.
However, any processing method, if its principles and processes are not well understood, will produce certain defects or poor products, and laser welding is no exception. Only by thoroughly understanding these defects and learning how to avoid them can we better realize the value of laser welding and produce aesthetically pleasing and high-quality products. The application engineers at Chuangxin Welding have summarized some common welding defect solutions based on long-term experience for industry colleagues to reference!
1. Cracks
The cracks generated during continuous laser welding are mainly thermal cracks, such as crystallization cracks and liquefaction cracks. The main cause is the shrinkage force generated before the weld completely solidifies. Measures such as filler wire and preheating can reduce or eliminate cracks.

Cracked welds
2. Porosity
Porosity is a defect that is relatively easy to produce in laser welding. The molten pool in laser welding is deep and narrow, and the cooling speed is very fast. The gas generated in the liquid molten pool does not have enough time to escape, which easily leads to the formation of pores. However, due to the fast cooling of laser welding, the pores generated are generally smaller than those in traditional welding. Cleaning the workpiece surface before welding can reduce the tendency for porosity, and the direction of blowing air can also affect the formation of pores.

Weld porosity (left); weld formation process (right)
3. Spatter
The spatter generated during laser welding severely affects the surface quality of the weld and can contaminate and damage lenses. Spatter is directly related to power density; appropriately reducing welding energy can reduce spatter. If the penetration is insufficient, the welding speed can be reduced.

Welding spatter
4. Undercut
If the welding speed is too fast, the liquid metal at the back of the small hole pointing to the center of the weld does not have time to redistribute, and solidification on both sides of the weld will form an undercut. If the joint assembly gap is too large, the amount of melted filler metal will also be reduced, making it easier to produce an undercut. At the end of laser welding, if the energy drop time is too fast, the small hole is prone to collapse, leading to local undercutting. Controlling efficiency and speed to match can effectively solve the occurrence of undercutting.

5. Sinkage
If the welding speed is too slow, the molten pool is large and wide, and the amount of melted metal increases, making it difficult for surface tension to maintain the heavier liquid metal, the center of the weld will sink, forming sinkage and pits. At this time, it is necessary to appropriately reduce energy density to avoid the molten pool from sinking.

Aluminum alloy weld sinkage
Correctly understanding the defects that occur during the welding process and understanding the causes of different defects can lead to more targeted solutions for abnormal weld issues in laser welding.
SHINHOP laser equipment engineers remind everyone:
Regardless of the type of laser welding defect, many practical applications can actually overcome them. In addition to being related to the technical performance of laser equipment, it is also greatly related to the characteristics of the welding materials and the welding experience of the operators. Therefore, to solve welding problems, we must first have a good set of welding equipment suitable for the characteristics of the product materials. In this regard, we need to contact manufacturers with advanced and rich laser equipment to choose suitable partners for cooperation, so that we can provide good solutions to the problems that arise in actual welding!

About Us

Shenzhen SHINHOP Laser Equipment Co., Ltd. It is a scientific and technological enterprise specializing in the research and development, production and sales of industrial laser processing equipment. It has been deeply engaged in the new energy industry for 20 years, focusing on the non-standard customization of automatic lithium battery cell assembly line and module PACK production line. It has successively obtained the national high-tech and specialized new enterprise certification.

###

Company Address：Building 6, Jingneng Science and Technology Environmental Protection Industrial Park, No.3 Baolong 2nd Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province

Customer service hotline:18898357350

Customer service E-mail:info@shinhop.com