The real-time monitoring technology for laser welding quality has been further developed.
2021-03-12
Laser welding is a welding process suitable for the connection of metals and thermoplastics. In highly automated production, such as in the automotive industry, lasers have become particularly mature because they experience almost no wear during operation, are very fast, and have high precision. However, so far, the quality of the welds can only be traced through X-ray, magnetic analysis methods, or by isolating individual samples from the production process. The current laser weld quality detection systems can only test samples after welding is completed. If welding quality can be monitored in real-time, it would be a technological advancement.
Therefore, detecting when the small hole in the laser weld becomes unstable is of great significance for improving weld quality. So far, there has not been enough technology to achieve this level, and optical methods can only observe the keyhole from the top.
Image source: European Association of Metal Processing Manufacturers
Once the laser beam hits the metal, the first stage of the heat conduction welding process begins with heat conduction, where only the surface is molten, and a stable keyhole will subsequently form. Sometimes, the keyhole will spout liquid metal, like a volcanic eruption. If it collapses in an uncontrolled manner, it will form pores. In experiments, researchers successfully created small holes in the weld and then closed them again with a second laser pulse. The researchers stated that the success rate of creating keyholes was 87%, and the success rate of removing the keyhole was 73%.
This error correction method has great application prospects in laser welding. The researchers stated that before them, pores in the weld could only be detected after the work was completed, but now they have been able to detect small holes during the welding process, and post-processing with lasers can begin immediately.
If the real-time monitoring system for laser welding quality can be widely applied, it could greatly reduce welding defects, lower users' welding costs, and improve the yield rate of finished welding products, which is crucial for manufacturers. Currently, the visual systems used can only be employed for post-process detection of the welds of finished products, aside from positioning the welding, and do not provide much assistance in repairing welding defects.
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Shenzhen SHINHOP Laser Equipment Co., Ltd. It is a scientific and technological enterprise specializing in the research and development, production and sales of industrial laser processing equipment. It has been deeply engaged in the new energy industry for 20 years, focusing on the non-standard customization of automatic lithium battery cell assembly line and module PACK production line. It has successively obtained the national high-tech and specialized new enterprise certification.
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