Laser swing welding method for dissimilar metals of steel and copper/copper alloys
2021-01-07
With the development of modern industry and the advancement of science and technology, higher and more stringent requirements have been placed on the performance of welded components. In addition to meeting ordinary performance, laser welding also requires meeting various requirements such as high-temperature strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, low-temperature toughness, magnetism, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity.
Welding of copper and steel is a typical dissimilar material welding. There are significant differences in the melting points, thermal conductivity coefficients, linear expansion coefficients, and mechanical properties of copper and steel, which are not conducive to direct welding of copper and steel.
Based on the advantages of laser welding, such as high energy density, low amount of melted metal, narrow heat-affected zone, high joint quality, and high production efficiency, laser welding of copper and steel has become a current development trend. However, copper has a relatively low absorption rate for most industrial application lasers, and it is also prone to defects such as oxidation, porosity, and cracks during the welding process. It is still challenging to achieve high-quality and efficient welding of copper and steel using multimode lasers, and the laser welding process for dissimilar metals of copper and steel based on multimode lasers needs further development.
The laser swing welding method for dissimilar metals is characterized by the following steps:
1. Fix the first metal base material and the second metal base material, where the first metal base material and the second metal base material are in contact to form a seam, and the absorption rate of the first metal base material for laser is lower than that of the second metal base material.
2. Start the laser to emit a laser beam and adjust the offset of the laser focus to the seam, so that the laser focus is located on the first metal base material.
3. Control the laser beam to weld the seam in a circular swinging manner at a predetermined welding speed and direction. Compared to existing laser welding technologies, the weld seam is aesthetically pleasing, with no cracks, porosity, incomplete penetration, or fusion defects, and the welding process performance is good.
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Shenzhen SHINHOP Laser Equipment Co., Ltd. It is a scientific and technological enterprise specializing in the research and development, production and sales of industrial laser processing equipment. It has been deeply engaged in the new energy industry for 20 years, focusing on the non-standard customization of automatic lithium battery cell assembly line and module PACK production line. It has successively obtained the national high-tech and specialized new enterprise certification.
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